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In many cases, unwanted enzyme activities may be removed by heat treatment. Different enzymes have differing susceptibility to heat denaturation and precipitation. Where the enzyme required is relatively heat-stable this allows its easy and rapid purification in terms of enzymic activity. For such enzymes heat-treatment is always considered as an option at an early stage in their purification. This method has been particularly successfully applied to the production of glucose isomerase, where a short incubation at a relatively high temperature is used (e.g. 60 - 85°C for 10 min). No interfering activity remains after this treatment and the heat-treated, and hence leaky, cells may be immobilised and used directly.